When can organs and tissues be removed?

In Germany, strict laws govern the removal of organs and tissues. Doctors only remove organs when the donor’s death has been established beyond doubt. Two indepen­dent medical experts confirm the definitive and irreversible loss of brain functions (‘brain death’).

In addition, there must always be consent to organ donation so that removal can take place. This must happen quickly, as many organs only remain functional outside the body for a short time. Professionals coordinate the necessary steps.

It is helpful if the donor’s wishes are clearly documented. An entry in the organ donation register or the Advance Care Directive, or an organ donor’s card are recommended. This way the wishes of the deceased person can be followed unequivocally.

If the deceased person has not made a decision about organ donation during their lifetime, their next of kin will decide. They are supposed to act according to the deceased’s wishes. If the deceased’s intentions are not known, the next of kin decide according to their own values.

This is a difficult situation for loved ones to be in. They are to make a consequential decision at a time of loss. Making a decision early and talking about it with loved ones can take the stress out of the situation. And it also helps with respecting the deceased’s wishes.